The genetic organization of the capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis region of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 14

The genetic organization of the gene involved in the capsular polysaccharide (CPS) biosynthesis of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 14 has been determined. The DNA region for the CPS biosynthesis of serotype 14 (cps14) comprised 9 open reading frames, designated as cps14AB₁B₂B₃CDEFG genes, encoding Cps14A to Cps14G protein, respectively. Cps14A was similar to CpsA of A. pleuropneumoniae serotypes 1, 4 and 12; the Cps14B₁ and Cps14B₂ were similar to CpsB of A. pleuropneumoniae serotypes 1, 4 and 12, suggesting that CPS structure of A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 14 would belong to Group I including A. pleuropneumoniae serotypes 1, 4, 12 and 15. Surprisingly, the overall nucleotide sequence, deduced amino acid sequence, and the genetic organization of the cps14 were nearly identical to those of Actinobacillus suis. This study will provide the molecular basic knowledge for development of diagnostics and vaccine of A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 14.     

Porcine CD18 mediates Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ApxIII species-specific toxicity

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, produces Apx toxins that are recognized as major virulence factors. Recently, we showed that ApxIIIA-cytotoxic activity specifically targets Sus scrofa leukocytes. Since both LtxA from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aggressive periodontitis in humans) and LktA from Mannheimia haemolytica (pneumonia in ruminants) share this characteristic, respectively towards human and ruminant leukocytes, and because both use the CD18 subunit to interact with their respective LFA-1, we hypothesized that ApxIIIA was likely to bind porcine CD18 to exercise its deleterious effects on pig leukocytes. A β ₂−integrin-deficient ApxIIIA-resistant human erythroleukemic cell line was transfected either with homologous or heterologous CD11a/CD18 heterodimers using a set of plasmids coding for human (ApxIIIA-resistant), bovine (-resistant) and porcine (-susceptible) CD11a and CD18 subunits. Cell preparations that switched from ApxIIIA-resistance to -susceptibility were then sought to identify the LFA-1 subunit involved. The results showed that the ApxIIIA-resistant recipient cell line was rendered susceptible only if the CD18 partner within the LFA-1 heterodimer was that of the pig. It is concluded that porcine CD18 is necessary to mediate A. pleuropneumoniae ApxIIIA toxin-induced leukolysis.     

猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌分离株的分子生物学鉴定

根据已有的猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(APP) dsbE基因序列,合成了一对特异性引物,从3株APP分离菌(BZ1株,BZ2株和BZ3株)均扩增出预期342 bp的DNA片段.分别将扩增的目的基因连接到pMD18-T载体中,构建重组质粒,转化大肠埃希菌DH5α感受态细胞,提取质粒并进行序列分析.结果表明BZ1株dsbE基因与所有14种血清型APP参考株dsbE基因的同源性达98%～100%,BZ2株dsbE基因与所有14种血清型APP参考株dsbE基因的同源性达98%～99%,BZ3株dsbE基因与所有14种血清型APP参考株dsbE基因同源性达97%～98%,证明3株分离菌均为APP.     

Disease patterns and immune responses in the offspring to sows with high or low antibody levels to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2

The serum antibody responses to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and the secondary invader Pasteurella multocida were monitored from birth until slaughter in the offspring to sows with high or low levels of serum antibodies to A. pleuropneumoniae.Serum antibody concentrations to A. pleuropneumoniae were higher from birth to the age of 9 weeks in piglets delivered by high responding sows. In contrast, antibody levels to P. multocida were similar in both groups during this period. From the age of 20 and 15 weeks, antibody levels to A. pleuropneumoniae and P. multocida, respectively, were higher in the offspring to high responding sows.This implies that the offspring to sows with high levels of antibodies may be better protected during the first period of life because of a higher level of passively derived immunity. These piglets will also mount a higher antibody response when later infected, indicating a heritability of the humoral immune response.     

猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌结构蛋白基因ApxIVA特异性片段的表达和纯化

以猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的血清8型分离株Hpn-405株基因组DNA为模板,PCR方法扩增ApxIVA特异性片段,PCR产物经纯化后与载体pMD18-T进行连接、转化,经酶切及序列分析鉴定后,亚克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a中,构建成重组表达质粒pET-ApxIVA3,转入到大肠埃希氏菌BL21(DE3)中,以IPTG进行诱导重组蛋白的表达,SDS-PAGE检测结果显示,表达的融合蛋白分子质量约为18 ku,与预期片段大小相符;将经过超声破碎的菌液离心取沉淀经尿素洗涤溶解后用镍金属螯合层析柱进行纯化。Western-blot分析证实,该融合蛋白具有免疫学活性。     

斑点杂交法检测猪传染性胸膜肺炎

将位于猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(APP) apx A毒素基因 3′端的长为 442 bp的DNA片段作为模板制备出地高辛标记的 APP核酸探针。敏感性检测结果表明 ,该探针对 APPDNA的最低检出量为 1 .8ng。特异性检测结果表明 ,该探针能与 APP1～ 1 0血清型标准菌株 DNA抽提物发生特异性杂交反应 ,而与多杀性巴氏杆菌A型和 B型、链球菌、支气管败血波氏杆菌、肺炎双球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌 DNA进行的杂交反应均为阴性。应用该探针对临床 6份阳性病料 ,1 1份纤维渗出性病料进行检测 ,结果阳性病料全部检出 ;而对于 1 1份纤维渗出性病料 ,斑点杂交检出 4份是阳性 ,比 PCR方法 6/ 1 1的检出率要低 ,但仍表明所制备的探针用于 APP的检测是一种比较敏感、特异的诊断方法。     

猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的分离鉴定、致病性与药敏试验

从湖北省几个猪场具有严重呼吸道症状的疑似病例中,采集了肺脏、扁桃体、关节液及心包液等病料,进行了细菌的分离培养及菌落形态观察、染色镜检、生化试验、PCR检验、血清型鉴定、药敏试验及致病性试验.结果表明,分离到的8株细菌为猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae,APP).血清型分型鉴定结果为1型的6株,3型的2株.药敏试验结果显示,分离的菌株对头孢类、先锋霉素类表现较高的敏感性,为猪场用药提供了科学参考.     

替米考星对猪传染性胸膜肺炎的治疗试验

为了解替米考星对猪传染性胸膜肺炎的疗效并为临床应用该药提供科学依据,将60头仔猪分为6 组(替米考星高、中、低剂量组及健康、感染和土霉素3 个对照组)进行人工感染试验。结果表明,国产替米考星拌料给药对治疗猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌病具有明显的效果,可降低死亡率,提高成活率,减少人工感染引起的病理损伤;替米考星中、高剂量组(200 mg/kg饲料、400 mg/kg饲料)疗效尤为显著,因此临床治疗推荐剂量为200 mg/kg饲料,连用7 d。     

猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌荚膜多糖基因的原核表达及其产物的细胞毒性

参考GenBank中猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌（App）血清2型荚膜多糖基因的序列分别设计了3对特异性引物，通过PCR分别扩增了CpsA、CpsB、CpsC3个基因，获得长约1137、429、1146bp的片段，将其分别克隆到pMD18-T中，经酶切鉴定和序列分析获得了阳性克隆子；再将CpsA、CpsB、CpsC分别插入原核表达载体pGEX-KG后，转化BL21，在IPTG诱导下获得高效表达，经Western-blotting检测证实，表达产物CpsC有生物学活性，CpsA、CpsB无活性；将3种表达产物等量混合，做10倍递进稀释后，与分离出的猪嗜中性粒细胞作用，37℃、50mL／L CO2培养箱中温育4h后加入底物液，测定D492nm值。结果表明，App荚膜多糖对猪嗜中性粒细胞无毒性作用。